5th International Conference and Exhibition on Lung & Respiratory Care Oct 19-20, 2017 San Francisco, USA

COPD is a disease that involves inflammation and thickening of the airways. It also involves destruction of the tissue of the lung where oxygen is exchanged. It is described by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease as “a preventable and treatable disease…characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. This progressive and relentless loss of lung function is caused by emphysema due to destruction of lung parenchyma. Smoking (long term smokers), Chronic bronchitis, Inherited factors (genes) and by narrowing of small airways as a result of chronic inflammation and fibrosis and loss of elastic recoil. This results in progressive airflow limitation, air trapping, and progressive shortness of breath on exertion.

TB is an infectious disease that usually affects the lungs. It is the second greatest killer due to a single infectious agent worldwide, and in 2012, 1.3 million people died from the disease, with 8.6 million falling ill. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium causes TB. It is spread through the air from person to person, when people with TB affecting the lungs cough, sneeze, spit, laugh or talk. TB is contagious, but it is not easy to catch. Tuberculosis (in the lungs) is contagious. It spreads when a person who has active tuberculosis symptom and causes breathes out air that has the TB bacteria in it and then another person breathes in the bacteria from the air. An infected person releases even more bacteria when he or she does things like cough or laugh. We can cure pulmonary tuberculosis through diagnostics and treatment also control Vaccination and Control

Asthma is a disease affecting the airways that carry air to and from your lungs. People who suffer from this chronic condition (long-lasting or recurrent) are said to be asthmatic. The inside walls of an asthmatic's airways are swollen or inflamed. This swelling or inflammation makes the airways extremely sensitive to irritations and increases your susceptibility to an allergic reaction. As inflammation causes the airways to become narrower, less air can pass through them, both to and from the lungs. Symptoms of the narrowing include wheezing (a hissing sound while breathing), chest tightness, breathing problems, and coughing. Asthmatics usually experience these symptoms most frequently during the night and the early morning.

Respiratory Tract and Associated Defense Mechanisms Airway" redirects here. For an aerial route taken by airplanes, see Airway (aviation). For other uses, see Airway (disambiguation) in humans, the respiratory tract is the part of the anatomy involved with the process of respiration. Breathing is a process of getting oxygen into the lungs and carbon dioxide out of the lungs.  Respiration is a process of acquiring energy from the breakdown of glucose in living cells. Alveolar Sacs are tiny ducts that connect the respiratory bronchioles to alveolar sacs, each of which contains a collection of alveoli (small mucus-lined pouches made of flattened epithelial cells).

Pulmonary vascular disease is a category of disorders. All affect the blood circulation in the lungs. A pulmonary embolism happens when the blood flow through the lung's artery is blocked suddenly. This is caused by a blood clot that traveled from somewhere else in the body—usually a leg or the pelvis—and has not broken up in the blood stream. Symptoms included difficulty breathing, chest pain, fainting and a rapid heart rate. A pulmonary embolism can damage the heart, and if not treated immediately, can cause death. Pulmonary embolisms can be prevented through drugs that break up blood clots before they reach the lung, physical activity, compression socks that improve blood circulation in the legs, and pneumatic compression (a massage or compression of the legs through use of an electronic cuff).

A Lung infection is affects your lungs, either in the larger airways (bronchitis) or in the smaller air sacs (pneumonia). There is a build-up of pus and fluid (mucus), and the airways become swollen, making it difficult for you to breathe. Chest infections can affect people of all ages. Young children and the elderly are most at risk, as well as people who are ill and smokers. A chest infection can be serious for these people.

X-Ray and Echocardiogram are advanced techniques to diagnose and identify lung cancer. Pulmonary Function Testing (PFT) is another test to detect lung cancer symptoms. This is a medical procedure involving internal examination, biopsy, and/or resection of disease or masses within the pleural cavity and thoracic cavity Thoracoscopy may be performed either under general anesthesia or under sedation with local anesthetic. Surgical biopsy was the standard way to diagnose lung cancer. Wearing appropriate masks and monitoring exposure to irritants in certain work environments (for example, mining and jobs that involve working with asbestos or metal dusts) are important precautions to take. COPD follows a progressive course causing death either from respiratory failure or complications from its associated diseases, which include coronary artery disease, lung cancer, and stroke, smoking cessation (colloquially quitting smoking) is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking. Tobacco contains nicotine, which is addictive, making the process of quitting often very prolonged and difficult we can control through vaccination and prevention cure.

Respiratory system does, delivering air to the lungs, bringing oxygen into the body, and expelling the carbon dioxide back into the air. Understanding the structure and intricacies of the respiratory system is vital to human anatomy of respiratory organ. The respiratory system is made up of more than just the lungs; it also includes your nose, throat, larynx, windpipe, bronchi, alveolar ducts, and respiratory membrane. Bronchi and alveolus are the major parts of respiratory system.

In a respiratory exam, the doctor focuses on the patient’s breathing. Breath sounds in the lungs are checked for fluid and inflammation. The doctor may peer into the nose and check the throat. If caught early, over-the-counter medications can help alleviate symptoms while the virus runs its course. However, if the infection is advanced, an X-ray or CT scan (computed tomography) may be needed to check the condition of the lungs. Lung function tests have shown to be useful as diagnostic tools and for prognosis purposes. Pulse oximetry, also known as pulse ox, may be used to check how much oxygen gets into the lungs. A physician may also need a sputum (material coughed up from the lungs) sample to check for the type of virus causing the disease.

Smoking is the most common method of consuming tobacco, and tobacco is the most common substance smoked. The agricultural product is often mixed with additives and then combusted. The resulting smoke is then inhaled and the active substances absorbed through the alveoli in the lungs. Combustion was traditionally enhanced by addition of potassium or other nitrates.[citation needed] Many substances in cigarette smoke trigger chemical reactions in nerve endings, which heighten heart rate, alertness, and reaction time, among other things. Dopamine and endorphins are released, which are often associated with pleasure. As of 2008 to 2010, tobacco is used by about 49% of men and 11% of women age or older in low-income and middle-income countries with about 80% of this usage in the form of smoking. The gender gap tends to be less pronounced in lower age groups.

Cystic Fibrosis is a life-threatening disorder that causes severe damage to the lungs and digestive system. An inherited condition, cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. These secreted fluids are normally thin and slippery. But in cystic fibrosis, a defective gene causes the secretions to become thick and sticky. Instead of acting as a lubricant, the secretions plug up tubes, ducts and passageways, especially in the lungs and pancreas.

Pulmonary Therapy is a disease marked by scarring in the lungs. Tissue deep in the lungs becomes thick, stiff and scarred. The scarring is called fibrosis. As the lung tissue becomes scarred, it interferes with a person's ability to breathe. In some cases, the cause of pulmonary fibrosis can be found. But most cases of pulmonary fibrosis have no known cause. These cases are called idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function tests are a group of tests that measure how well the lungs take in and release air and how well they move gases such as oxygen from the atmosphere into the body's circulation. Spirometry measures airflow. By measuring how much air you exhale, and how quickly, spirometry can evaluate a broad range of lung diseases. In a spirometry test, while you are sitting, you breathe into a mouthpiece that is connected to an instrument called a spirometer. The spirometer records the amount and the rate of air that you breathe in and out over a period of time.

Lung Transplant is surgery to replace one or both diseased lungs with healthy lungs from a human donor. In most cases, the new lung or Lungs are usually donated by a person who is under age 65 and brain-dead, but is still on life-support. The donor tissue must be matched as closely as possible to your tissue type. This reduces the chance that the body will reject the transplant. Lungs can also be given by living donors. Two or more people are needed. Each person donates a segment (lobe) of their Lung Diseases. This forms an entire lung for the person who is receiving it. During Lung Transplant Surgery, you are asleep and pain-free (under general Anesthesia). A surgical cut is made in the chest. Lung Transplant surgery is often done with the use of a heart-Lung Machine. This device does the work of your heart and lungs while your heart and lungs are stopped for the Surgery.